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PrEP medications have been an established HIV prevention strategy for over 10 years1

Effectiveness of HIV prevention strategies

PrEP is

About 99 Percent

effective at preventing HIV through sex,
when taken as prescribed.2

Consistent condom use is:

70 percent effective at reducing HIV among men who have sex with men3*

80 percent effective at reducing HIV among heterosexual couples3*

Inconsistent condom use is less effective.3

CDC guidelines state individuals should be reminded that PrEP medications do not protect against other STIs, and condoms should be considered part of a comprehensive safer sex practice.2,4

*CDC has stated that condom efficacy may be higher when used correctly.5

STI=sexually transmitted infection.

The greatest impact on HIV diagnoses was made where PrEP use was highest5†‡

Change in HIV diagnoses associated with PrEP use: Quintiles of PrEP use in the US from 2012 to 2022§

New HIV diagnoses in states with high PrEP use decreased 37.6% from 2012 to 2022. New HIV diagnoses in states with high PrEP use decreased 37.6% from 2012 to 2022.
New HIV diagnoses in states with low PrEP use increased 26.5% from 2012 to 2022. New HIV diagnoses in states with low PrEP use increased 26.5% from 2012 to 2022.

† An ecological retrospective analysis of US state-level data was conducted on PrEP use, HIV viral suppression, and trends in HIV diagnoses in the US (including the District of Columbia) using a commercial pharmacy database to calculate PrEP coverage (PrEP users per 100 people with a PrEP indication) and public health surveillance data to document HIV diagnoses from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022, by state and year. For the 50 states, each 10 states were grouped together based on their mean PrEP coverage over the 10-year period, resulting in 5 different quintiles of PrEP use: low, medium low, medium, medium high, and high. Quintile-specific changes in HIV diagnoses from 2012-2022 were calculated. Generalized linear mixed modeling was used to assess the state-level associations of PrEP coverage with HIV diagnosis rates, controlling for state-specific viral suppression.

‡ From 2012 to 2022, the District of Columbia had a 68.2% decrease in EDPC in HIV diagnosis rates and a mean PrEP coverage of 24%, which are not included in the chart.

§ Data shown for quintiles are trends and do not represent EDPC for each individual state.

Quick initiation of PrEP was linked to a decrease in HIV diagnoses in an observational study analyzing PrEP prescriptions between 2019 to 2023.6

(Tao L, 2023; 522,273 prescriptions of PrEP were analyzed between January 2019 and February 2023, selected from IQVIA® LAAD. Observational study compared delays of PrEP dispensation from Day 0, when PrEP was dispensed.6)

IQVIA LAAD=IMS Health, Quintiles, and VIA Longitudinal Access and Adjudication Data.

Learn more about PrEP with this educational brochure.

DOWNLOAD
Learn about prescribing PrEP, including when and how to start the conversation and how to initiate PrEP.
PRESCRIBE PrEP
Hear from your peers about how they discuss PrEP and sexual health with individuals in their office.
EXPLORE VIDEO SERIES

References:

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. US Public Health Service: Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States—2021 update: a clinical practice guideline. Published December 2021. Accessed October 27, 2025. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/112360

2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Nexus: CDC resources for clinicians. Updated August 20, 2024. Accessed September 4, 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/hivnexus/hcp/prep/index.html

3. Smith DK, Herbst JH, Zhang X, Rose CE. Condom effectiveness for HIV prevention by consistency of use among men who have sex with men in the United States. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2015;68(3):337-344.

4. US Preventive Services Task Force; Owens DK, Davidson KW, Krist AH, et al. Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2019;321(22):2203-2213.

5. Sullivan PS, Dubose S, Brisco K, Gordon L, Juhasz M. Association of state-level PrEP coverage and state-level HIV diagnosis, US, 2012-2021. Abstract presented at: Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI); March 3-6, 2024; Denver, CO.

6. Tao L, Yang J, Zachry W, Gruber J, Mezzio D. The real-world impact of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) prescription uptake and dispensing status on HIV infection risk in the US. Poster presented at: IDWeek 2023; October 11-15, 2023; Boston, MA. Poster 1557.

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